Coccoidea
D. G. Pfeiffer
Department of Entomology
Virginia Tech, Blacksburg VA 24061-0319
Updated 25 March 1999
I. Families of Coccoidea (Scales):
- Ortheziidae - ensign coccids
- females with well developed legs and antennae
- body with white, waxy plates
- on roots
- Margarodidae - Giant coccids, ground pearls
- large, rounded
- cottony cushion scale
- Diaspididae - Armored scales, e.g. San Jose scale
- largest famlily of scales, most advnaced
- females lack legs, antennae, eyes
- under a hard scale, secreted material with exuviae
- Aclerdidae - Aclerdid scales
- on grasses and sedges, under leaf sheaths
- Coccidae - Soft scales, wax and tortoise scales, e.g. lecanium scales
- large family
- may be flattened and oval, or dome-shaped
- Lacciferidae - Lac scales
- Asterolecaniidae - Pit scales
- body with tough waxy film, or embedded in a mass of wax
- Pseudococcidae, Eriococcidae - Mealybugs
- elongate oval, well developed legs
- Pseudococcidae with waxy secretions, Eriococcidae bare
- Dactylopiidae - Cochineal insects
- similar to mealybugs, but red with white waxy powder
- Kermidae - Gall-like coccids
- females somewhat spherical, lack legs
- 6-segmented antennae
- many gall-like on oak
- manna
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